《On the move》PartⅡ PPT
語法精講
一、基本特征感悟
【感悟用法】
①That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
②He studied hard only to fail.
【自我總結】
句①中的 to play是不定式,作game的____________。句②中的 to fail 是不定式,作____________。
二、主要用法精講
1.動詞不定式作定語
(1)動詞不定式作定語常用來修飾名詞或不定代詞,放于所修飾的詞后,為后置定語。
There is nothing to worry about.沒什么可擔心的。
The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.
籌集資金最好的方式是賣報紙。
(2)如果不定式動詞與被修飾詞之間有邏輯上的動賓關系,并且該動詞是不及物動詞,則需要加上適當的介詞或副詞使動賓關系成立。
When you move somewhere new,the first thing for you is to find a place to live in.
當你搬到一個新的地方時,首先要找一個住處。
2.動詞不定式作結果狀語
(1)動詞不定式表示結果時,其邏輯主語就是句子的主語。結果狀語常常只限于learn(得知),find(發現),see,hear,to be told(被告知),make(使得)等具有界限含義的動詞。
He returned home to learn his daughter had just been engaged.
他回家后得知女兒剛剛訂婚了。
Dinosaurs have completely died out on the earth,never to be seen again.
恐龍已經從地球上滅絕,將永不再被看到。
He left his home,never to be heard from again.他離開了家,從此音信全無。
(2)動詞不定式作結果狀語的特殊結構
①only to do結構表示意外的結果
He hurried to the station,only to find the train had left.
他匆匆忙忙趕到車站,結果卻發現火車已經離開了。
He worked hard,only to fail at last.他努力工作,最終結果卻是失敗。
②too...to...結構
The case was too heavy to be carried by a child.箱子太重小孩拿不動。
③so as to do結構
He shut himself in the room so as not to be disturbed.他把自己關在屋里以免受到打擾。
④enough to do結構
The girl is not old enough to go to school.這個女孩不夠大,不能上學。
動詞不定式為非謂語動詞。在英語語法中,動詞不定式是指動詞中的一種不帶詞形變化從而不指示人稱、數量、時態的一種形式。它之所以被稱做不定式,是因為動詞不被限定,或者說不被詞形變化所局限。
即學即練
補全句子
1.Who was _________________________?
誰第一個到的?
2.Pandas have less and less land ______________.
大熊貓可生存的面積越來越小。
3.The best way ________________ is to use it.
學英語最好的方法是使用它。
4.—Where should I send my application?——我應該把申請表寄到哪里?
—The personnel office is the place _______________.
——把它送到人事部去。
5.His failure _______________________ was due to his ill health.
那天晚上他沒來是因為他身體不好。
6.The boy is too young _________________.
這個男孩太小而不能上學。
7.Would you be so kind as _________________?
請你幫我一下好嗎?
8.The boy is old enough ___________________ himself.
這個男孩夠大了,可以自己照顧自己。
9.I hurried to his house,only __________________.
我急急忙忙趕到他家,結果卻發現他不在家。
10.I had to shout ___________________.
我必須叫喊對方才能聽得見。
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